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1878
Newspaper El Triunfo is published.
02 de Julio de 1878
In July 2nd,1878, appeared the first issue of El Triunfopolitical and general interests Havana newspapaper directed by Manuel Pérez Molina. Official organ of the Liberal Party, some time later Autonomist. It was censored by the colonial Court of Publishings.
1907
Singer and guitarist Joaquín Codina was born
02 de Julio de 1907
He was born in Manzanillo in July 2nd, 1907 and died in Havana in May 4th, 1975. In 1932 he moved to Havana, where he would become the popular trovador Codina. He sang in radio and in nite-clubs. He was interpreter of the traditional Cuban songbook, as well as modern songs. He worked as bookkeeper and has a progran in International Radio.
1920
Writer and poet Eliseo Diego was born.
02 de Julio de 1920
He was born in Havana City on July 2nd, 1920, and died in Mexico, on March 1st, 1994. His mortal remains lies in the Cristobal Colon Cementery, Havana City. In 1928 he wrote his earliest children stories infantiles, and next year he became one of the directors (and librarian) of El Estudiante, Official organ of La Luz School City”. Some time later, together with Cintio Vitier, he directed and wrote La Luz magazine. He graduated as Bachelor in Arts and Sciences in Havana High School. He began studying Laws in the University of Havana, but he never finished those studies. He was one of the founders of Orígenes and collaborated in: Clavileño. He graduated in Pedagogics in the University of Havana and imparted classes of English and North American Literature in specialized courses in Casa de las Américas. He was Editor of Unión magazine, from the Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba, UNEAC (Association of Writeres and Artists of Cuba). He visited the former Soviet Union, Hungary, Bulgaria, Nicaragua, Mexico, Venezuela, Madrid, Peru, London, Colombia. He delivered lectures in different North American universities and on General Literature in the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM (Autonomous National University of Mexico). He participated in the First Meeting of Poets from Latin World, held Mexico; in the Poetry Meeting in Malaga, Spain, arranged by the Centro Cultural de la Generación del 27 (Cultural Center of 1927 Generation), unveiled a plate dedicated to thje Cuban poet José María Heredia in the Niagara Falls, Canadá and participated also in the Sixth Meeting of Poets from Latin World, held Mexico.
Among his many awards and acknowledgements are: the title of Honoris Causa Doctor of the Universidad del Valle in Cali, Colombia, the “Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos” Award conferred by the Federación de Asociaciones Asturianas de Cuba, the “Juan Rulfo” Latin American and Caribbean Literature International Award, conferred by different economical and cultural Mexican institutions. He was one of the most important poets from the renowned Orígenes Group. In all his texts the language is lyrical and his life was signed by poetry. Among his works are: En las oscuras manos del olvido, Divertimentos, En la Calzada de Jesús del Monte, Muestrario del mundo o Libro de las maravillas de Boloña, Versiones, Noticias de la Quimera, Los días de tu vida, A través de mi espejo, Soñar despierto, Libro de quizás y de quién, Conversación con los difuntos, Poemas al margen, Literary Critics Award by: Inventario de asombros, 1982; Soñar despierto, 1988; Libro de quizás y de quién sabe 1989; Orden Félix Varela in 1982 and National Literature Award in 1986.
1961
Famous autor Ernest Hemingway died.
02 de Julio de 1961
Was born on July 21st, 1899, in the village of Oak Park, Illinois, and died in Ketchum, in July 2nd, 1961. They followed the Victorians' elaborate sentimental style in living and writing.
At Oak Park and River Forest High School, Ernest reported and wrote articles, poems and stories for the school's publications largely based on his direct experiences.
The year Ernest graduated he began reporting for the Kansas City Star. Here he learned to get to the heart of a story with direct, simple sentences. After entering World War I the following year, he was wounded near the Italian Austrian front.
Hospitalized, he fell in love with his nurse, who later called off their relationship. In the years following World War II, many critics said Hemingway's best writing was past. But he surprised them all by publishing the novella, The Old Man and the Sea, about a poor Cuban fisherman's struggle to land a great fish. This work led him to get his Pulitzer Prize in 1952.
Two years later he received the Nobel Prize for his "powerful, style-making mastery of the art of modern narration" .
Hemingway's years following these awards saw few works as successful as his novella or earlier writing. The effects of Ernest's lifelong depressions, illnesses and accidents were catching up with him. It was especially devastating now that he could no longer write as he once did.
But as he had hoped, his writing lives on. His works keep on selling very well, translated in an amazing variety of languages all over the world.
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