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1872
Historian Benigno Souza was born.
21 de Mayo de 1872
He was born in Güira de Macurijes, Matanzas in May 21st, 1872 and died in Havana in June 19th, 1954. He studied High School in El Progreso school, in Havana. He was forced to quit his studies on medicine in the University of Havana because of troubles caused by war, being among them the imprisonment of his father, who was banished to Africa. Some time later he restarted his studies, which were concluded in 1900. He also graduated as Dr. in Natural Sciences. He was member of the Academy of Physical and Natural Sciences, and of the Society of Clinical Studies.
In 1939 he was appointed member of number of the Academy of History of Cuba, where he produced as his entry work: Biografía de un regimiento mambí. El regimiento de Calixto García. He collaborated in Anales de la Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Físicas y Naturales, Avance, Bohemia and in the section Efemérides de la Revolución Cubana from the Diario de la Marina. He published, by himself and in collaboration, booklets specialized in medicine.
1881
Poet Francisco Poveda died
21 de Mayo de 1881
He was born in Havana in October 4th, 1796 and died in Sagua la Grande, Las Villas, in May 21st, 1881. He was forced to quit elementary school studies because of different family problems. In 1816 he moved to Sagua la Grande, where he lived mostly of his life. Completely out of academic disciplines, he developed the most diverse works: fieldman, cattle worker, secretary of lawyers, teacher of elementary school, enseñanza primaria, worker of sugar mill and coffee plantations, and in the last years of his life vendor of agricultural products. He published his first poem, “A Cuba”, in Ramillete Cubano, directed by Manuel González del Valle, in 1829. Around 1830 he worked as actor in a Havana theatre. He collaborated in El Eco, El Sagua and La Luz. In 1879 the poet José E. Triay arranged an artistic-literary soireé at the Liceo de Guanabacoa (Havana), aimed to assist him economically and to reevaluate his poetic work. In this soire was saged his play El peón de Bayamo, playing Poveda himself the leading role. In its earliest moments the play was enthusiastically acknowledged by Domingo del Monte, Ignacio Valdés Machuca, Ramón de Palma and Buenaventura Pascual Ferrer. He is considered the beginner of criollismo in Cuban poetry. He was aka the pseudonym of: El trovador cubano.
1888
Composer Ignacio Piñeiro was born.
21 de Mayo de 1888
He was born in Havana in May 21st, 1888 and died in that city in March 12th, 1969. Being a child he moved with his parents from his hometown, the neighborhood of Jesús María to the one of Pueblo Nuevo, where his musical life began singing in children chorus. Being very young he worked in the most diverse trades: barrel maker, smelter, docker, cigar roller and mason. Parallelly he assimilated the drum beats and singings from Pueblo Nuevo African cabildos. In 1906 he joined the Timbre de Oro group of clave and guaguancó, as improviser decimista (composer of ten-verse stanzas). Afterwards he conducted Los Roncos group, making for it the choir compositions: “Cuando tu desengaño veas”, “Mañana te espero niña”; “Donde estabas anoche”. Later he joined another group named: Renacimiento.
In 1926 he was counterbassist of the Sexteto Occidente, conducted by María Teresa Vera, travelling with it to New York. Back to Cuba, in 1927, he settled the Sexteto Nacional (then it was a sextet). With his Septeto Nacional, he took part in different international events. In 1932 the North American composer George Gershwin visited Havana. Often visitor of CMCJ radio station where the Septeto Nacional, conducted by Piñeiro, broacasted. There they became friends and Gershwin took notes from Piñeiro’s compositions. Fruit of these notes is Obertura cubana, in which Gershwin made use of themes from the son-pregón “Échale salsita”. Fruitful creator, Piñeiro left us: son, son-montuno, guaguancó-son, canción-son, afro-son, conga, guajira-son, guaracha, guaguancó, canción, guajira, villancicos, danzón, son campesino, rumba, son-pregón, guaracha-son, rumba-son, tango-congo, plegaria, lamento, pregón, preludes. From this stock of compositions, amounting 327, the most popular are: “Cuatro palomas”, “Esas no son cubanas” (1927); “No juegues con los santos” (1928); “Suavecito” (1930); “Buey viejo”, “La cachimba de San Juan” (1931); “Menura”, “Salomé” (1932); “Bardo”, “Entre tinieblas” and “Échale salsita” (1933), all sones.
1909
Writer Antonio Hernández Pérez was born.
21 de Mayo de 1909
He was born in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Cannary Islands, in May 21st, 1909 and died in Caibarién, Las Villas, in July, 1975. Since 1910 he lived in Yaguajay, Las Villas, where he studied elementary school. Later he moved to Caibarién, in the same province. Self-taught man. He adopted the Cuban citizenship in 1944. He collaborated in Cúspide, El País Gráfico, Vanidades, Surco and other Cuban publishings. He took part in meeting of young writers sponsored by the National Council of Culture, His book Contigo comparto la poesía got mention on poetry in the July 26th Contest, summoned by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Cuba, in 1969. In 1970 he won the UNEAC (Association of Cuban Writers and Artists) Poetry Award by his book De pronto sales con tu voz.
1953
Bust of José Martí at the Turquino Peak was inagurated.
21 de Mayo de 1953
"Scarce, like the mounts, are the men who know how to look from them, and with entrails of nation, or of humanity."
This sentence full with symbolism said by José Martí, Cuba’s National Hero, is carved in a monument located in the highest peak of Cuba, that is to say, in the Turquino Peak, 1974 meters above the sea level.
This quotation by Martí is carved exactly at the base of his bust that was inaugurated on May 21, 1953, as a celebration for the centennial of the birthday of this man's universal importance who devoted his life to the fight for the independence of his homeland.
The initiative of placing a bust of Martí in the tallest height in Cuba was in charge of a group of members of the Association of Old Students of the Martiano Seminario.
José Martí's bust was cast in brass by the Cuban sculptress Jilma Madera.
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