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1821
Cuban poetress Luisa Molina was born.
21 de Julio de 1821
She was born in Matanzas in July 21st, 1821 and died in April 20th, 1887. Poetress, self-taught from humble origin. She cultivated décima (ten-verse stanza) and sonet. The Artist(1848), published by the Liceo Artístico Literario de La Habana and settled by Gonzalo de Aguiar y Loysel, who made her public, was the first publishing to mention her. Funds raised by contemporary authors made possible the publishing of her Aguinaldo de Luisa Molina, a collection of proses and verses from different authors. She collaborated in El Yumurí, El Almendares, El Archivo, Cuba Poética, etc.
1828
Writer Nicolás Azcárate was born
21 de Julio de 1828
He was born in July 21st, 1828 and died in July 1st, 1894. He studied high school in Güines and gratuated as Bachelor in Madrid. After having returned from Spain, he settled the Revista de Jurisprudencia with José Manuel Mestre and Francisco Fesser in 1856. in 1861 he founded the Liceo de Guanabacoa, becoming the President of his section of Literature. When the cultural meetings at the Liceo were supressed by the colonial authorities, he began private conversazione at home, which brought about the anthology Noches literarias en casa de Nicolás Azcárate.
He collaborated, with other authors in Ofrenda al Bazar de la Casa de Beneficencia. In 1866 he travelled to Madrid with the Junta de Comisionados representing the municipality of Güines. He settled the newspaper El siglo XIX and collaborated with La Constitución in Madrid. He returned to Havana in 1875, but he was forced to move to Mexico because of a decreet issued by governor Valmaseda. Together with Antenor Lescano he published El Eco de Ambos Mundos in the Mexican capital. He collaborated with La Colonia Española. In 1878 he returned to Havana and revived his conversazione, then at J. M. Céspedes’home, toook part in the foundation of the Liceo de La Habana and became its President. With other intellectuals and artists he created the Asociación de Escritores y Artistas Cubanos. He was founder of the Democratic Party.
1881
Composer Miguel Companioni was born
21 de Julio de 1881
He was born in Sancti Spiritus in July 21st, 1881 and died in Havana in February 21st, 1965. At the age of eleven he got blind. His father was Captain of the Cuban Liberator Army (Mambises). When he was young he worked as a baker, as a telegraphist and as a salesman of pharmaceutical products. In 1902 he got a harmonica and spontaneously began to play popular tunes in it. Shortly afterwards he deepened in his guitar studies becoming a very good interpreter, and he even gave lessons to some amateurs. In 1911 he went to New York for medical tests, but he was informed that he would never recover his sight.
Besides guitar he studied piano, flute, violin and counterbass.
He worked in theatres and cinemas as pianist. For some years he had an orchestra which was heard in Las Villas province. He conducted the Easter Choirs in Sancti Spiritus, composing his music. Among his best songs and boleros are: “La lira rota”, “Alelí”, “Amelia”, “La fe”, “Por que latió mi corazón” and specially “Mujer perjura”. On behalf of his fifty years as author a medal was conferred to him by the Society of Cuban Composers.
1899
Famous author Ernest Hemingway was born.
21 de Julio de 1899
Was born on July 21st, 1899, in the village of Oak Park, Illinois, and died in Ketchum, in July 2nd, 1961. They followed the Victorians' elaborate sentimental style in living and writing.
At Oak Park and River Forest High School, Ernest reported and wrote articles, poems and stories for the school's publications largely based on his direct experiences.
The year Ernest graduated he began reporting for the Kansas City Star. Here he learned to get to the heart of a story with direct, simple sentences. After entering World War I the following year, he was wounded near the Italian Austrian front.
Hospitalized, he fell in love with his nurse, who later called off their relationship. In the years following World War II, many critics said Hemingway's best writing was past. But he surprised them all by publishing the novella, The Old Man and the Sea, about a poor Cuban fisherman's struggle to land a great fish. This work led him to get his Pulitzer Prize in 1952.
Two years later he received the Nobel Prize for his "powerful, style-making mastery of the art of modern narration" .
Hemingway's years following these awards saw few works as successful as his novella or earlier writing. The effects of Ernest's lifelong depressions, illnesses and accidents were catching up with him. It was especially devastating now that he could no longer write as he once did.
But as he had hoped, his writing lives on. His works keep on selling very well, translated in an amazing variety of languages all over the world.
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