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1853
José Martí y Pérez, the National Hero of Cuba was born
28 de Enero de 1853
He was born in Havana, from a humble family, in January 28th, 1853, and died in Dos Ríos, in the former Oriente province, in May 19th, 1895. Son of Mariano Martí and Leonor Pérez. Because of his radical and revolutionary political thought, and his huge and original literary work, he is considered one of the top Latin American and Caribbean personalities.
Political Essays, like trascendental "Nuestra América" ("Our America"); journalistic chronicles; analysis articles from the most diverse political, social, economical and cultural reality from Latin America countries, as well as from the United States of America, such as: "Escenas norteamericanas" written for La Opinión Nacional from Caracas, La Nación from Buenos Aires and El Partido Liberal from México, among others); biographical essays and portraits of thinkers, heroes, politicians and creators from both sides of the continent; articles dealing with artistic, literary and scientific criticism, and the speeches whose texts have come to our days, conform his extraordinary creative labour. A trascendental poetic work -where poetry books "Ismaelillo" and "Versos Sencillos" protrude-; a monthly magazine, dedicated to Latin American children. Written by his own hand, -"La Edad de Oro"-, and an exceptional quality group of letters complete his literay work, which has allowed him to be considered "most important Latin American XIX Century cultural event."
He sistematically worked as a professor, but he was considered and named The Apostle and The Master by his contemporaries because his intense formation labour among the wide group of Cuban and Puertorrican revolutionary emigrated to the United States of America. In February 1895, when the Independence War was restarted in February 1895 -the “necessary war” arranged by him- Martí landed in the Eastern region of Cuba, in April, and just a few week after, he died in Dos Ríos, in May 19th, as colophon of a life in which his side close to the poor and the opressed people had played a decissive role. His mortal remains lies in Santa Ifigenia Cementery, in Santiago de Cuba.
1861
Writer Ramón Meza was born.
28 de Enero de 1861
He was born on January 28th, 1861 and died on December 5th, 1911. He received the title of Bachelor in Arts in the University of Havana in 1877. In 1882 he graduated as Licentiated in Civil and Canonic Laws. Two years later, in 1884, he published in Revista de Cuba his first known work. That very year he collaborated in La Lotería and in La Habana Elegante where he worked as editor. In 1886 the Colla de Sant Mus Catalonian Provincial Society conferred him an accesit for his novel Carmela, in the Floral Games of November 15th. From 1888 to 1891 he travelled along Canada. His novel “Don Aniceto el tendero” was awarded in the Contest at Santa Clara Lyceum in 1891. Also in that year he became Ph. Doctor in the University of Havana. In 1895 he is appointed supernumerary professor of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters. In 1898 he moved to the United States of America where he began to publish, his novel En un pueblo de La Florida in the serial story Cuba y América”. In 1899, after having returned to Cuba he is appointed Professor of Spanish Literature in the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters. In 1900 he ceased there and takes, by opposition, an auxiliary Chair in the in the Pedagogics School. That very year he got in charge of the Sub Secretariat of Justice. He was Secretary of the Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País (Economic Society of Friends of the Country). In 1901 he was ellected councellor from Havana Municipaly, He was also First Syndic of the Town Hall. Requested by that institution he delivered the appraisal speech to General in Chief General Máximo Gómez in 1905, published that year in the booklet: “A la memoria del General Máximo Gómez”. Besides, he collaborated in La Ilustración Cubana, Revista Cubana, La Correspondencia de Cuba and others. He left several unpublished texts, among them: La ciudad de La Habana: sus barrios, plazas, casas, monumentos, fiestas, emblemas and the novel Ilustre de vista corta and some stories. Don Aniceto el tendero was translated into English. Mi tío el empleado was published on a Russian translation in 1964. He signed with the pseudonyms R. E.Maz and Un redactor (An Editor).
1923
Singer Alfonsín Quintana was born
28 de Enero de 1923
He was born in Havana, in January 28th, 1923. Interpreter of Cuban songs and boleros. In 1940 he joined the musical group Jóvenes del Cayo, leaded by him until 1963. He made several recordings, and always accompanied by the Jóvenes del Cayo, worked in radio and TV programs. He travel abroad spreading Cuban rhythms.
1948
El Periódico del Aire was settled.
28 de Enero de 1948
In the very 95th anniversary of José Martí birth, Guido García Inclán, the owner and director of radio station COCO, settled El Periódico del Aire, in San Miguel st. between San Nicolás and Manrique. The new effort´slogan was: “Un diario sin papel y sin distancia” ("A diary without paper and distance") and “Una institución de periodistas al servicio del pueblo cubano”. ("A journalists´ institution serving the Cuban people"). An evidence of press´mobilizing power in the struggle against corruption, and in favour of the humble, during those pseudo-republic years.It was an exceptional case in those times when telling the true, denouncing abuses of power and struggling to end up with servile governments to the U.S.A., may lead to torture, death or jail, as it happend so many times. and the COCO, radio station from which "El Periódico del Aire" was broadcasted, and its workers were exceptional witnesses. Militants and leaders from the Orthodox Party, like Eduardo Chibás, Juan Manuel Márquez, and Fidel Castro frequently visited the station, and it is small library constantly consulted José Martí´s works. They found another home because from the first day, Guido, member of the Orthodox Party of the Cuban People, set the station microphones serving the Cuban patriots in their quest of justice.The station was more times closed that broadcasting, particularly more that the hundred closing orders issued by Fulgencio Batista´s dictatorship. The more closing orders issued, the more Guido increased his denounces. Then he created the program: “Cuba en llamas”.
1951
Painter, draftsman and illustrator, José Roberto Fabelo Pérez was born.
28 de Enero de 1951
He was born in January 28th, 1951. He studied in the National School of Arts and in the Higher Studies Arts Institute of Havana. Professor and member of the juries from important national and international contests on visual arts.On behalf of his outstanding artistic labour as painter, draftsman and illustrator, the Cuban State has conferred him the Award for National Culture, the Alejo Carpentier Medal , the Abel Santamaría Medal and the Félix Varela Order.
1964
Flautist Julián Barreto passed away.
28 de Enero de 1964
He was born in Havana on February 16th, 1879 and died in Palmira on January 28, 1964. He began studying flute guided by Rafael Rojas; later he studied violín with Juan Torroella. For some time he was professor of violin in the Municipal Academy of Havana, besides he played in the Municipal Band of Music. In 1926 he travelled to Spain and France, where he performed Cuban popular music concerts. Some time later he returned to Cuba, and setled a musical academy in the Havana neighborhood of La Víbora. He was violinist of several typical orchestras, mainly the Enrique Pena one. He inspired Jose Urfé´s danzón: “El bombín de Barreto”.
1992
Journalist Fulvio Fuentes Mederos died.
28 de Enero de 1992
He was born in Bauta in February 6th, and died in January 28th, He collaborated in Aurora, Vanguardia and Ariguanabo municipalnewspapers.
From 1940 he wrote for Bohemia magazine, where he became editor in chief. He travelled along numerous countries with Cuban Revolution leaders. He was reporter from Central America guerillas.
1999
Habana Radio station was settled.
28 de Enero de 1999
Habana Radio station which broadcasts in 106.9 FM, from 3:00 to 10:00 P.M., was settled.Guided by José Martí´s principles, the ideals of National Hero of Cuba has been always present, either on Dr. Eusebio Leal´speech or in the program “Martí Nuestro” ("Our Martí"), as well as in the comments and between-program spaces, "because Marí is that spirit which is always at our side".
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